The AE911Truth Petition
To the Members of the House of Representatives and of the Senate of the United States of America,
PLEASE TAKE NOTICE THAT:
On Behalf of the People of the United States of America, the undersigned Architects and Engineers for 9/11 Truth and affiliates hereby petition for, and demand, a truly independent investigation with subpoena power in order to uncover the full truth surrounding the events of 9/11/01 – specifically the collapses of the World Trade Center Towers and Building 7. We believe there is sufficient doubt about the official story and therefore the 9/11 investigation must be re-opened and must include a full inquiry into the possible use of explosives that might have been the actual cause of the destruction of the World Trade Center Twin Towers and Building 7.
Featured Petition Signers
Tiziana Geraci
Architecct-Designer
Architect, Politecnico di Torino, 1986
The people deserve truth. Everything I've studied is against the official account.
Tiziana Geraci
Architect, Politecnico di Torino, 1986
GrugliascoTorino, Italy
Occupation: Architecct-Designer
I am an architect degreed at PoliTo and I am also a designer.
The people deserve truth. Everything I've studied is against the official account.
Pavel Abdur-Rahman, Engineering Cons
Engineering, University of Toronto
It seems the buildings were destroyed with explosives, that is not triggered by the terrorists attack.
Pavel Abdur-Rahman, Engineering Cons
Engineering, University of Toronto
Toronto, ON, Canada
Industrial (Systems) Engineer working as a consultant at IBM Canada for last 5 years.
It seems the buildings were destroyed with explosives, that is not triggered by the terrorists attack.
Babak Bank, AIA
Architect/Planner & Designer
BSc Architecture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 1987
At the time of the attack, I was in my Tehran, Iran office which our time zone was between 10-11pm working on my soon to be due submission…
Babak Bank, AIA
BSc Architecture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 1987
Irvine, CA
Occupation: Architect/Planner & Designer
Originally from Iran, I've been working as a freelance volunteer and traveling architect, planner, and designer since 1990. I've been as far as India, the middle-east region (UAE, Dubai), Iran, Africa, The Lakota nation of South Dakota, and Irvine of Orange County, USA. My 1979 H.S. diploma in Burlingame of Bay area, from Field-Moore Academy (mathematics), 1980-81, Rio Honda community college (computer software), 1981-87 University of Nebraska at Lincoln (Bachelor of Architecture, completed / masters in CRP, not completed) My very last AIA international associate position as both the client as well as the firm representative and project coordinator with former famed Hollywood actor Mr Russell Means of the Lakota nation of South Dakota and the Coop Himmel-Blau architecture firm.
At the time of the attack, I was in my Tehran, Iran office which our time zone was between 10-11pm working on my soon to be due submission for a Church design for the Good Shepherd Lutheran Church here in Irvine, CA. My UAE partner, Dr. Paxima, was visiting me pertaining his theme vacation destination, including Las Vegas style private resorts, for the first time ever in any Arab nation, specifically for Hollywood actors and actresses. My firm was hired by him to design and develop it. All of a suddenly I received a txt message from another partner of mine saying that if we had access to a high speed Internet, after saying yes, then he told us to go to cnn.com and check out what's being reported. Once at cnn.com, we were watching the first tower smoke raising from it, and we're in shock, however at first I thought it was a preview for an upcoming Hollywood movie premier, until the second airplane ran into the second tower. Now I have been traveling in and out of USA twice a year at least and almost every time coming in, I would stay with our family member, who is a Jewish Navy Lawyer living in the Flat Iron bldg, whose mother in law was visiting them, when the first explosion happened in the basement of one of the towers. I couldn't believe what I was seeing was true, so tragic. I was even very naively telling myself that how much more dumb was the second pilot who could not see such humongous bldgs in the world and followed the first pilot unintentionally!!! Then I remembered my cousin so I called him to see if they were okay and that if they also knew about what was really going on as to whether the whole thing was for real or a sick joke hoax. After many tries of calling with my international calling card, they would not respond so I decided to email them, which in my utmost unbelief, he acknowledged that the news was unfortunately 100% tragically absolutely true and not fake. And that's when it really hit all of us in Iran.
Sverker R. √Ñdesjö, BSc
Chief Engineer (Maritime, Civilian, And Navy)
BSc Marine Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden, 1988
Since it has been proven by technical people, that the official explanation is an enormous lie, and ordinary people still do not get it, then the focus must…
Sverker R. √Ñdesjö, BSc
BSc Marine Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden, 1988
Sunne
Occupation: Chief Engineer (Maritime, Civilian, And Navy)
Bachelor of science (Marine engineering) 1988 Military Navy technical officer (Lt) 1991. Engineer 1995 Chief Engineer 2000 - 2015 Train Engineer 2005 - Ongoing
Since it has been proven by technical people, that the official explanation is an enormous lie, and ordinary people still do not get it, then the focus must shift to the psychological aspect of how to explain the official lie, so everyone gets it.
Eliezer M. Ihejirika, Engineering Staf
BS Electrical Engineering
If the rapid, symmetrical, outward collapse of the WTC towers was solely gravity-driven, then Isaac Newton was wrong and the laws of physics have to be rewritten.
Eliezer M. Ihejirika, Engineering Staf
BS Electrical Engineering
San Diego, CA
I am an electrical engineer with a background in embedded software design, and I graduated with my degree in 2007.
If the rapid, symmetrical, outward collapse of the WTC towers was solely gravity-driven, then Isaac Newton was wrong and the laws of physics have to be rewritten.
Michael S. Jones, PE
BSME, Cal Poly Pomona
High rise steel buildings simply do not collapse due to fire. There is ample evidence of a controlled demolition and the rapid removal of debris implies a hurried…
Michael S. Jones, PE
BSME, Cal Poly Pomona
Boise, ID
Currently serve as SEEDIdaho's President and resident Mechanical Engineer. I am a licensed mechanical engineer who has designed many commercial HVAC buildings and have been in the industry for about 10 years now. I have worked with structural engineers and understand the concepts necessary for structurally supporting a building. In addition, have received an education which includes materials failure, physics, structural analysis and other core classes which would help me understand a building's reaction to an impact of a plane and damage due to fire.
High rise steel buildings simply do not collapse due to fire. There is ample evidence of a controlled demolition and the rapid removal of debris implies a hurried non-investigated destruction of American property. This was a controlled demolition in which was not properly investigated. A travesty such as what happened on 9/11 should be thoroughly investigated and not swept under the rug. Building 7 is the proof necessary to warrant a different explanation as to who is responsible.
John F. Mahler, Plant Engineer
Plant Service Engineering And Hvac
The day the Twin Towers collapsed, I wondered why New York City Port Authority decided to demolish the World Trade Center just after selling it too Larry Silverstein.…
John F. Mahler, Plant Engineer
Eugene, OR
Occupation: Plant Service Engineering And Hvac
I have been a hospital plant engineer and HVAC service engineer for 31 years.
The day the Twin Towers collapsed, I wondered why New York City Port Authority decided to demolish the World Trade Center just after selling it too Larry Silverstein. I e-mailed that question around to many on-line contacts and was alarmed to learn it was due to a terrorist attack. The reason I didn't know about the attack the hour it happened was due to a hard disk failure. When I had the spare hard disk changed out, I was amazed to see the smoking ruins falling in free fall. I had studied these buildings from their first construction days and full well knew they were built up on a central core. From that core, the floors depended. It was impossible for me to believe jet fuel, which burns at 1200F could have caused the floors to pancake down. From my study of buildings in general over the years of my plant engineering career, I knew if the pancake theory held any validity, the core should have still stood and due to the absorption of kinetic gravity, the collapse would have stopped at some point in the collapse. I speculated from very crude calculations that the fall point should have run out of energy at the 55 floor. But even that was a fantastic leap to fantasy and I well knew it. From that first day to the present, I am convinced the Twin Tower World Trade Center was imploded with well placed charges as in controlled demolition.
Adrian Christen
Architect
Architect, Bern University of Applied Sciences School of Engineering and Architecture, Burgdorf, Switzerland, 2000
The truth is important for the whole word, not only the United States.
Adrian Christen
Architect, Bern University of Applied Sciences School of Engineering and Architecture, Burgdorf, Switzerland, 2000
Thun, Switzerland
Occupation: Architect
After working 5 years as employee and 1.5 years working in Indonesia after tsunami 2004, I'm running my own office for 9 years in Switzerland. I'm a specialist for 'plusenergiehouses' (Plus Energy House).
The truth is important for the whole word, not only the United States.
Enrico Napolitano
Civil Engineer
Universidad Central de Venezuela
Hello, This is serious and grave, the world Trade Center has been demolished with explosives , no doubt about this , Regards Enrico Napolitano
Enrico Napolitano
Universidad Central de Venezuela
London Uk, London, United Kingdom
Occupation: Civil Engineer
Hello, I am Civil Engineer graduated in a Venezuelan university I have done also studies in chemistry , Regards Enrico Napolitano
Hello, This is serious and grave, the world Trade Center has been demolished with explosives , no doubt about this , Regards Enrico Napolitano
Jim Opfer, DipArch, RIBA, RIAS
DipArch, RIBA, RIAS
I have viewed the evidence presented mainly on alternative broadcasting channels and now have serious doubt that the official explanation given is correct. I cannot understand how it…
Jim Opfer, DipArch, RIBA, RIAS
DipArch, RIBA, RIAS
Glasgow, Scotland, UK, United Kingdom
I am an Architect working in the UK and have been a principal in practice since 1984. I am owner and Managing Director of Opfer Logan Architects, Glasgow.
I have viewed the evidence presented mainly on alternative broadcasting channels and now have serious doubt that the official explanation given is correct. I cannot understand how it would be possible for these buildings to free fall which means there was no resisting force from the structure below.
Robert S. Nelson, PE
BSME, UC Berkeley, 1974
It makes no sense that steel structures would collapse symmetrically into their own footprint at free fall speeds due to an airplane hit. In the case of Building…
Robert S. Nelson, PE
BSME, UC Berkeley, 1974
Canyon, CA
Born Oakland CA, lifelong Bay Area resident. BSME UC Berkeley 1974. Extensive experience working with steel, including hands-on cutting, welding, and machining and engineering.
It makes no sense that steel structures would collapse symmetrically into their own footprint at free fall speeds due to an airplane hit. In the case of Building 7, there is no apparent cause for collapse. Controlled demolition using thermite appears to be a much more likely explanation for the collapse of the WTC buildings.
David E. Koester
Retired
BS Engineering Science, University of Texas Austin, 1980
The investigation will probably never be reopened by the government. All action must come from we the people.
David E. Koester
BS Engineering Science, University of Texas Austin, 1980
Warwick, MA
Occupation: Retired
BS Engineering Science, University of Texas at Austin, 1980.
The investigation will probably never be reopened by the government. All action must come from we the people.
Petition Signatories
Franciszek M. Skowron, Tech
Lubin, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
Franciszek M. Skowron, Tech
Lubin, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
Electrical Power Technician, some university studies on mechanics and applied computer science at the Technical University of Lodz, Poland
This type of collapses are not only unlikely but IMPOSSIBLE to be induced by gravity only. If being generous one lets themselves believe there was a slight chance for a collapse like that there was no chance for such a prompt repeat of it and then yet another. THIS THAT FOLLOWS IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT: There was a case of a gas explosion in a building in my country - Poland. Two entire floors were blown away leaving about four or so floors above and around two below with not much significant damage. The building above the gas explosion fell on the part below and did NOT destroy it. People survived on the floors unaffected by that primary gas explosion. I am sure it would be easy to obtain media coverage from Polish media on the event.
David Vaughan, BSc
Cape Town, WC, South Africa
Occupation: Construction Management
Education: BSc Construction Management
David Vaughan, BSc
BSc Construction Management
Cape Town, WC, South Africa
Occupation: Construction Management
BSc degree in Construction Management from University of Cape Town & 17 years experience in low to high rise construction.
My biggest doubt about the official version came from the perfect uniformity and speed of collapse as wee as the flattened remains ie no central core left standing.
Albert B. Jansen, MBA
Quanzhou, Fujian, China
Occupation: Economics
Education: MBA
Albert B. Jansen, MBA
MBA
Quanzhou, Fujian, China
Occupation: Economics
Lecturer economics, journalism Yang En university Facilitating Development in all fields.
I do not believe that the WTC was damaged without any intention. Strong evidence can be found that all buildings were deliberately destroyed by experts. This was done for reasons still hidden to the public.
Patrick Tshudy
Annville, PA
Occupation: Trade, Transportation, Finding The Truth
Education: ITT + Port/Term security + bus comunicat
Patrick Tshudy
ITT + Port/Term security + bus comunicat
Annville, PA
Occupation: Trade, Transportation, Finding The Truth
Yousef Salem
Sunnyvale, CA
Occupation: Business Owner (Retired)
Yousef Salem
Sunnyvale, CA
Occupation: Business Owner (Retired)
Michael A. Tebbs
White Rock, BC, Canada
Occupation: Construcution Worker
Michael A. Tebbs
White Rock, BC, Canada
Occupation: Construcution Worker
A 27 year old construction worker. Specifically attaching stand-up panels to large steel structures.
There is more than enough evidence to conclude the buildings that collapsed on September 11 were deliberately destroyed. Building Seven is the initial smoking gun in this investigation but, the evidence continues to mound more and more as it gets revealed.
Tim Youngblood
Houston, TX
Occupation: Financial Services
Tim Youngblood
Houston, TX
Occupation: Financial Services
Ethan A. Smith, EMT-Intermediate, BA
WinstonSalem, NC
Occupation: Mathematics
Education: BA Mathematics
Ethan A. Smith, EMT-Intermediate, BA
BA Mathematics
WinstonSalem, NC
Occupation: Mathematics
I am an EMT-Intermediate with a B.A. in mathematics. I am attending Grad School to become a teacher, but I plan on transferring into a Public Health program. I have worked in the Emergency Response field for over four years.
I am a regular person who has looked at the available evidence put forth suggesting a new, independent, investigation into the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. I feel that the accepted story of Buildings 1 and 2 collapsing, and especially Building 7, due to fire is contrary to the expected behavior of those buildings. The evidence of explosives is overwhelming, and I believe there are major inconsistencies with the site at the pentagon and in Pennsylvania which require informed citizenry to demand a new investigation.
Bill J. Soderstrom
Kalispell, MT
Occupation: Electronics Tech
Bill J. Soderstrom
Kalispell, MT
Occupation: Electronics Tech
I've worked in electronics & electro-mechanics for 30+ years. I now own & operate Montana Music Co. Inc. 9+ years. (electonic coin operated equipment)
3 skyscapers fall in there footprints from 2 plane hits. Larry said pull building 7 on 9/11/01! (It doesn't add up.)
Curtis C. Demartini
Pacifica, CA
Occupation: Building Maintenance
Curtis C. Demartini
Pacifica, CA
Occupation: Building Maintenance
Another American that didn't trust the Bush Administration and can easily conceive of a fabricated attack staged by them...
There is way too much evidence that these buildings collapsed with strategically placed explosives...not only did surrounding buildings go down, but no known accident similar to the 9/11 tragedy EVER ended with complete collapse... The film 'Loose Change' is very convincing...
Barbara A. Miller
Phoenix, AZ
Occupation: Concerned Citizen
Barbara A. Miller
Phoenix, AZ
Occupation: Concerned Citizen
I am a concerned American citizen who would like answers to the questions created by the September 11th bombing of the Twin Towers as well as other historical events in our country's history.
I am a concerned American citizen who would like answers to the questions created by the September 11th bombing of the Twin Towers as well as other historical events in our country's history.
Aaron Labranche, Self Appointed R
Brentwood, NH
Aaron Labranche, Self Appointed R
Brentwood, NH
Im just a angry American that is sick and tired of being sick and tired. I'm unemployable because I'm so mad about having my country stolen from me.
Kelwyn Duggan
Greenwood, WA, Australia
Occupation: Electrical
Kelwyn Duggan
Greenwood, WA, Australia
Occupation: Electrical
I am an Electrical Contractor and have been in the trade for 12 years. I have also studied Audio Engineering.
It never sat right with me from the beginning. I have watched documentaries like Loose Change, Zeitgeist, The Truth and Lies of 911, Aaron Russo's America From Freedom to Fascism, etc, and its very clear to me there's more then enough evidence that the public has been fed lies internationally and on a massive scale.
Lary Ryall
Rural, WI
Occupation: Builder
Education: Degreed
Lary Ryall
Degreed
Rural, WI
Occupation: Builder
Natural man who studies and learns. I went to government schools and graduated but learned to think on my own. I'm not as brainwashed as our corporate controllers and banksters would like me to be.
Obviously controlled demolitions and military operations. Shut off your mega-media controlled media and think. It quickly becomes clear when you do the research.
Sherry A. Bender
Lebanon, PA
Occupation: Mother
Sherry A. Bender
Lebanon, PA
Occupation: Mother
Mathias Maasberg
Wardenburg, Niedersachsen, Germany
Occupation: Pokerplayer
Mathias Maasberg
Wardenburg, Niedersachsen, Germany
Occupation: Pokerplayer
I am 23 years old. I graduated from school and got my abitur. Then went to University for a short period of time, until I discovered poker, which is my main source of income today.
In my opinion, even only some video sequences of the collapses of the twin towers prove that explosives were involved and caused the collapses, as you can see dust hurling vertically out of the towers below the actual collapses (as you can also see it when buildings get blown up).
Donald Faulkner, Concerned Americ
Clermont, FL
Occupation: Human Kindness
Donald Faulkner, Concerned Americ
Clermont, FL
Occupation: Human Kindness
I only have a G.e.d, so not a lot to say on that. But I have always been into research, and I do a lot of it and on many subjects.
The proof say's it all, anybody with half a brain can see that it was a demo. Granted they put forth time to investigate the facts. The terrorists whom had dealings with the 9/11 collapses live right here in America. They swear to uphold the constitution and to protect it from foreign and domestic threats right in front of the American people live on t.v. Via the news. I refuse to believe that the united states of America and NORAD could do nothing to prevent this. The united states of America is a superpower so to say, so why and how did four planes do this without them being able to stop it? It's so simple to figure out that children as young as 12yrs. Old can see what the truth really is.. They needed 9/11 to happen so they could set the stage and kick their plan into action, starting with taking our rights away one by one until they have shredded the constitution. We the people are a threat to the real terrorists, and they want us disarmed.
Chad H. Lewis
Clarkston, MI
Occupation: Student
Education: student
Chad H. Lewis
student
Clarkston, MI
Occupation: Student
Dawn M. Green
Florida, NY
Occupation: Licensed Contractor
Dawn M. Green
Florida, NY
Occupation: Licensed Contractor
Ruth Uppena
Montfort, WI
Occupation: Science
Ruth Uppena
Montfort, WI
Occupation: Science
Science was my forte--I was an x-ray technician so had to take physics in school.
The twin towers definitely look like they were exploded on purpose. I will never give up demanding the truth.
John Orr
Baytown, TX
Occupation: Oil Refinery Operator
John Orr
Baytown, TX
Occupation: Oil Refinery Operator
Brad Thompson, Mechanical E
Falls Church, VA
Education: Degreed
Brad Thompson, Mechanical E
Degreed
Falls Church, VA
Received a bachelors in mechanical engineering and masters in mechanical engineering.
The buildings take little longer to hit the ground than if they were in free-fall. Evidence of explosives were found. Other similar buildings have burned for much longer, at higher temps, and survived. Etc...
Leesa Mcvay
Albuquerque, NM
Occupation: Truth Seeker
Education: Degreed
Leesa Mcvay
Degreed
Albuquerque, NM
Occupation: Truth Seeker
My educational background is in psychology. I am currently studying philosophy and am and will always be a student of human nature.
Even a layman can see that the buildings had to have had explosions on the lower levels. Also, the temperatures were not hot enough to melt the beams. Then you also have the eyewitness accounts of the sounds of explosions prior to the planes hitting the towers. I think I know what to believe and what is just BS.
Frank Mueller
Munich, Bavarian, Germany
Occupation: Freelance
Frank Mueller
Munich, Bavarian, Germany
Occupation: Freelance
I am not a professor or something else, but I know that 9/11 was an inside job.
It is unbelievable that 3 towers collapse in free fall speed!
Mr Jamie S. Stanley
London, London
Occupation: Truth & Integrity
Education: Degree
Mr Jamie S. Stanley
Degree
London, London
Occupation: Truth & Integrity
Bryon Wooters, Construction Man
Seattle, WA
Occupation: Construction
Education: Degreed
Bryon Wooters, Construction Man
Degreed
Seattle, WA
Occupation: Construction
Construction Project Manager with BS in Construction Management. Have worked on highrise, large scale, concrete and steel structures
The available evidence clearly discredits the alleged conclusions. The absence of a plane in PA, the absence of plane and the impossible flight path at the pentagon, the free fall of untouched building 7, video & audio evidence of preceding explosions in the towers...
Shelly C. Keyser, LMT
Fuquay Varina, NC
Occupation: Wholistic Massage
Shelly C. Keyser, LMT
Fuquay Varina, NC
Occupation: Wholistic Massage
Gerardo Hernandez
Austin, TX
Occupation: Researcher
Education: High School
Gerardo Hernandez
High School
Austin, TX
Occupation: Researcher
I'm a 53 year old regular citizen who just finished high school, and I have been doing research for about 5 years on the attacks of 9/11/2001.
I'm no architect or engineer but...... anyone with common sense know that the World Trade Center was brought down by controlled DEMOLITION
Raphael Lemgruber Cardoso
Auckland, New Zealand
Occupation: Advertising And Marketing
Education: Marketing and Advertising
Raphael Lemgruber Cardoso
Marketing and Advertising
Auckland, New Zealand
Occupation: Advertising And Marketing
I am 31 years old from Brazil living for the last 7 years here in New Zealand
Just unbelievable, hard to explain. Sad, Painful. I really want the truth to come out!
Andy Woitowicz
Sudbury, ON, Canada
Occupation: Search For Hopeso On Youtube
Andy Woitowicz
Sudbury, ON, Canada
Occupation: Search For Hopeso On Youtube
Two years college, electrical engineering, never graduated, had to work to support five siblings after parents died.
I didn't see the second Tower fall, live on TV as many did. I was late to the tragic events of the day. But by noon, I was riveted to the TV. Some of the comments I heard by people like Dan Rather was that the fall of the Towers was like a controlled demolition. Then, incredibly, I saw Building 7 fall, live. Uh oh, I thought, THAT didn't look right. So, I anticipated much discussion in the media about 7s impossible collapse,,, as in there definitely were demolition devices used. But the next day and ever since, the mainstream media has said not one word about building 7. Ever since then, I've been very receptive to the fact that someone other than the 19 named individuals did the deed.
Stephanie C. Gouldman
Kent, WA
Occupation: Mom
Stephanie C. Gouldman
Kent, WA
Occupation: Mom
I am a single mom of 2 young girls, ages 11 and 5. I am currently and forever will be with a great man, Cesar.
After watching the collapse of the buildings live on TV and other youtube footage I believe that there is no way that the airplanes would have caused this devastation.
John E. Wiseman
Los Angeles, CA
Occupation: Singing
Education: B.A. Music The Curtis Institute of Mu
John E. Wiseman
B.A. Music The Curtis Institute of Mu
Los Angeles, CA
Occupation: Singing
Musician living mostly in Germany. Have participated as singer/actor in many musicals and musical presentations in Germany, Austria, etcetera.
I have spent many hours, days, weeks mulling over reports in the internet, and have been convinced from almost the beginning that the official versions of the destructions cannot possibly be true. The trauma we have all been living cannot be resolved without a rigorous and complete investigation of the events surrounding 9/11 2001.
Susan E. Wade
Las Vegas, NV
Occupation: Music & Poker Enthusiest
Susan E. Wade
Las Vegas, NV
Occupation: Music & Poker Enthusiest
I am a 58yr. old woman, who is the mother of three sons,and one daughter. One of my son's, who was a very Idealistic-person and a Marine who served in Iraq on four different tours of duty,...is changed forever..(and,not changed for the good).. because of this unnecessary,and ludicrous war that our country is involved in!...For those who understand,..no further explanation is necessary as to why I would support the efforts of everyone seeking The Truth,not only on all levels,but particularly where as the corrupt-corporate-politics of Wall St.,and Washington are concerned!
On 9/11,along with millions of other Americans,I witnessed(via TV)the fall of the Twin-Towers,& Building#7! I immediately said:Those buildings look as though they are being imploded,..the ONE-WORLD-ORDER-people must be behind this!...After viewing your 13-Videos-titled:How the Towers Fell, my thoughts about who the real terrorists are, has an even stronger resolve!